Siderite is a common iron carbonate mineral that is primarily composed of iron, carbon, and oxygen, making it an important ore mineral for extracting iron. The name "siderite" is derived from the Greek word sideros, meaning "iron," because of its high iron content.

Siderite is an important mineral for geologists because it can be a clue to the environmental conditions at the time of its formation. The presence of siderite in a sedimentary environment can indicate that the conditions were reducing (low in oxygen), as siderite forms more readily under these conditions. It also provides insights into past climates, as siderite can form in freshwater, brackish, or marine environments.

Siderite is a key iron carbonate mineral with important industrial applications, particularly as an iron ore. It forms in a variety of geological settings and can provide valuable information about past environmental conditions. Although it is less commonly used than other iron ores like hematite and magnetite, it still has significance in the extraction of iron and other industrial processes. It also has interest among mineral collectors due to its distinct crystal forms and colors.